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After the King

Watteau, Spectacle, and the Poetics of Memory

Musicologist Georgia J. Cowart explores how Antoine Watteau’s late paintings reimagine the symbolic order of absolutism in the wake of Louis XIV’s death.

Antoine Watteau has long been known for the theatricality of his paintings, but what that theatricality signifies has remained elusive. In After the King, Georgia Cowart contends that this mode of painting takes shape in response to the spectacle of Louis XIV’s absolutism, which the painter’s late works transform into a new aesthetic language.

The king’s death marked a turning point in Watteau’s art. In the six years that followed, his paintings turned more decisively toward the musical stage. Evoking theatrical plots, frontispieces, and costume types, they conjured a world in which the legacy of absolutist culture lingered as stylized memory—its rituals, emblems, and pleasures recast through theatrical illusion and ironic distance.

Rather than treating Watteau as a painter of nostalgic reverie or Rococo charm, Cowart situates his art within the immersive performance culture of Versailles and the vibrant Parisian stage, at a time when the opéra-ballet, popular opera, and the commedia dell’arte were charting new theatrical landscapes. Drawing on art history, musicology, theater studies, and Pierre Nora’s theory of lieux de mémoire, she proposes a new framework that understands Watteau’s paintings as acts of theatrical memory and cultural recomposition. 

Elegantly written and conceptually ambitious, After the King reveals how Watteau recoded the symbols of monarchy to stage a post-absolutist cultural imagination shaped by irony, sensuality, and poetic transformation. 


224 pages | 8 color plates, 50 halftones, 9 tables | 6 x 9 | © 2026

Opera Lab: Explorations in History, Technology, and Performance

Art: European Art

History: European History

Music: General Music

Reviews

“The late paintings of Watteau are well known for their nostalgic and often enigmatic renderings of the Italian Commedia dell’arte. But in this ground-breaking study, Georgia Cowart turns to another subject that was no less of a theatrical spectacle for Watteau’s contemporaries: the Sun King himself in his mise-en-scène of Versailles. Employing sensitive readings of many of Watteau’s most iconic paintings, Cowart lets us see––and hear––how the image of Louis XIV in the final years of his decaying absolutist rule haunt these visual tableaus as both theatrical illusion and stylized memory. It is a tour-de-force of visual hermeneutics that will be revelatory to musicologists and art historians alike.”

Thomas Christensen, author of Stories of Tonality in the Age of François-Joseph Fétis

“In After the King, a significant and long-anticipated critical study, Georgia Cowart examines the relationship between the legacy of French culture as shaped by the spectacle of Versailles under Louis XIV and the late paintings (1715–1721) of Antoine Watteau. Drawing on decades of sustained engagement with both the artistic and performative dimensions of absolutist France, Cowart offers a nuanced and compelling account of how artists participate in the construction of cultural memory. Her approach is distinguished by the integration of her extensive scholarship on court spectacle with more than twenty years of research, teaching, and curatorial work devoted to Watteau. The result is a sophisticated and illuminating contribution that advances our understanding of the dialogue between visual and performing arts, while demonstrating the active role of artists in shaping cultural legacy and collective memory.”

Alison Calhoun, Associate Professor of French/Francophone Studies, Indiana University

Table of Contents

List of Illustrations and Tables

Introduction: Watteau’s Realms of Memory
1. Satire, Galanterie, and the Pastoral Ideal: L’alliance de la Musique et de la Comédie and Le pèlerinage à Cythère
2. Carnival, Commedia dell’arte, and the Memory of Laughter: Les fêtes vénitiennes, L’amour au théâtre français, and L’amour au théâtre italien
3. Venus, Mezzetin, and the Metamorphosis of Memory: Assis auprès de toi, Mezzetin, Le rêve de l’artiste, and Les plaisirs du bal
4. The King Is Dead! Long Live the Fool! Les comédiens français, Les comédiens italiens, Pierrot, and L’enseigne de Gersaint

Acknowledgments
Notes
Bibliography
Index

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